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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научный журнал "Вопросы права"</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-0871</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2949-0871-2026-4-130-135</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Правовая природа производных финансовых инструментов по законодательству России и Гонконга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal nature of derivative financial instruments under the laws of Russia and Hong Kong</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимкин</surname><given-names>Яков Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimkin</surname><given-names>Yakov Aleksandrovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>maksimkin.yaa@ssau.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Business Law, Law Institute, Samara National Research University, Candidate of Legal Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">доцент кафедры гражданского и предпринимательского права юридического института Самарского национального исследовательского университета имени академика С.П. Королева, кандидат юридических наук, 443086, Российская Федерация, г. Самара, Московское шоссе, д. 34, тел: +7 (927) 657-99-07</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-16"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>135</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-28"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-09-11"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date></history><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена сопоставлению подходов России и Гонконга к юридической квалификации производных финансовых инструментов. Российская модель охарактеризована как нормативно-дефинитивная: содержание категории задается легальным определением договора, исчерпывающим подзаконным перечнем видов дериватива и специальным правилом о судебной защите требований из расчетных сделок. Гонконгская модель определена как функционально-регуляторная: общего законодательного определения дериватива статут не содержит, а квалификация инструмента опирается на общее договорное право и категории регуляторного периметра Ордонанса о ценных бумагах и фьючерсах. Установлено, что размежевание дериватива и пари достигается в Гонконге не доктринальными, а регуляторными средствами: сделки, подпадающие под Ордонанс, изъяты из-под законодательства об азартных играх. Общими для обеих моделей признаны договорная природа инструмента и стохастическая обусловленность обязательств; рассмотрена судебная практика по спорам о ненадлежащей продаже финансовых продуктов; предложены рекомендации для правоприменения..</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article provides a comparative legal analysis of the legal nature of derivative financial instruments under the laws of Russia and Hong Kong. The Russian regulatory model is characterised as normative-definitional: the legal nature of a derivative is revealed through the statutory definition of the contract, a closed sub-statutory list of its types, and a special rule granting judicial protection to claims arising from cash-settled transactions. The Hong Kong model is defined as functional-regulatory: there is no single statutory definition of a derivative, and the legal nature of the instrument is revealed through the general law of contract and the functional categories of the regulatory perimeter of the Securities and Futures Ordinance. The author demonstrates that in Hong Kong the borderline between a derivative and a wager is drawn by regulatory rather than doctrinal means: transactions falling within the Ordinance are carved out of the gambling legislation. The article identifies the features common to both models – the contractual nature and the stochastic conditionality of the obligations – examines the mis-selling case law, and formulates practical recommendations for legal practice.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>производные финансовые инструменты</kwd><kwd>деривативы</kwd><kwd>правовая природа</kwd><kwd>алеаторные сделки</kwd><kwd>Гонконг</kwd><kwd>Ордонанс о ценных бумагах и фьючерсах</kwd><kwd>внебиржевые деривативы</kwd><kwd>добросовестность</kwd><kwd>сравнительное правоведение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>derivative financial instruments</kwd><kwd>derivatives</kwd><kwd>legal nature</kwd><kwd>aleatory transactions</kwd><kwd>Hong Kong</kwd><kwd>Securities and Futures Ordinance</kwd><kwd>OTC derivatives</kwd><kwd>good faith</kwd><kwd>comparative law</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Гражданский кодекс Российской Федерации (часть первая) от 30.11.1994 № 51-ФЗ // Собрание законодательства РФ. 1994. № 32. 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